Two Thai text lines rendered with NotoSansThai-Bold: the first ends with a tofu box where the Latin exclamation mark should be; the second, using only Thai characters and Thai digits, renders cleanly.
Python

Noto’s per-script fonts ship without Basic Latin — a Thai ‘!’ renders as tofu, and fontTools’ cmap catches it before your eyes do

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NotoSansThai and NotoSansHebrew cover only their script: no ‘!’, no digits, no ellipsis. Check cmap coverage with fontTools before batch rendering.